🐍 Python and JSON: A Beginner-Friendly Guide

JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is one of the most popular formats for storing and transferring data. Whether you're working on APIs, web apps, or data files, Python makes working with JSON easy and powerful.

🔍 What is JSON?

JSON is a lightweight, human-readable format to represent structured data as key-value pairs. It’s widely used in APIs and configurations.

Example of JSON:

{
  "name": "Alice",
  "age": 25,
  "languages": ["Python", "JavaScript"]
}

📦 Working with JSON in Python

Python has a built-in module called json that lets you encode and decode JSON data.

🔄 Importing the JSON Module

import json

1️⃣ Converting Python to JSON (Serialization)

Use json.dumps() to convert a Python object into a JSON string.

import json

data = {
    "name": "Alice",
    "age": 25,
    "languages": ["Python", "JavaScript"]
}

json_string = json.dumps(data)
print(json_string)

🔎 Output:

{"name": "Alice", "age": 25, "languages": ["Python", "JavaScript"]}

💡 Tip:

To write JSON to a file:

with open("data.json", "w") as file:
    json.dump(data, file)

2️⃣ Converting JSON to Python (Deserialization)

Use json.loads() to convert a JSON string into a Python object.

json_data = '{"name": "Alice", "age": 25, "languages": ["Python", "JavaScript"]}'
data = json.loads(json_data)

print(data["name"])  # Alice

🗂️ To read from a file:

with open("data.json", "r") as file:
    data = json.load(file)

print(data)

🧠 Common Use Cases

🌐 APIs: Receiving/sending data to web servers
🧾 Config files: Storing app settings
💾 Data storage: Saving structured data locally

✅ Best Practices

Always validate JSON data before using it
Use try-except blocks to handle errors while reading JSON
Use indent in json.dumps() for pretty-printing:
```
print(json.dumps(data, indent=4))
```

🧪 Quick Example: Parsing API Response

import json
import requests

response = requests.get("https://api.github.com/users/octocat")
data = response.json()  # Converts JSON response to Python dict

print(data["login"])  # octocat

🎯 Conclusion

Python makes it easy to handle JSON — a skill every programmer should master. Whether you're building APIs, working with web data, or managing configs, knowing how to read and write JSON in Python is essential.

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